Threats to marine protected species 

New Zealand is a maritime nation with the 4th largest exclusive economic zone (EEZ) in the world. Our waters are the home of many protected marine species:

• all marine mammals
• all seabirds (except black backed gulls)
• all marine reptiles
• black corals (all species in the order Antipatharia)
• gorgonian corals (all species in the order Alcyonacea)
• stony corals (all species in the order Scleractinia)
• hydrocorals (all species in the family Stylasteridae)
• nine fish (deepwater nurse shark, white pointer shark, whale shark, basking shark, oceanic white-tip shark, manta ray, spinetail devil ray, giant grouper and spotted black grouper).

These waters also provide for important commercial, recreational and customary fishing resources.

Marine protected species can be threatened by commercial fishing via:

• Direct impacts include being caught, injured, or killed in nets or on hooks. Benthic species may also be impacted by bottom trawlers and other fishing methods operating on or near the seabed.
• Indirect impacts such as habitat modification, food competition and behaviour modification of protected species may also occur. These impacts may compromise the viability or recovery of protected species populations.

Managing fishing related threats to marine species

Role of Conservation Services Programme (CSP)

The Conservation Services Programme (CSP) is DOC’s primary mechanism to understand and address fishing related threats to protected species. A proportion of funding required to investigate and mitigate the impacts of fishing on protected species of marine wildlife (Conservation Services) is recovered from the domestic commercial fishing industry as outlined in the CSP Annual Plan.

CSP is legislated to undertake and recover the costs of research related to Conservation Services  from the commercial fishing sector. Under the Fisheries Act 1996, Conservation Services are defined as outputs produced in relation to the adverse effects of commercial fishing on protected species, as agreed between the Minister responsible for the administration of the Conservation Act 1987 and the Director-General of the Department of Conservation, including:

(a) research relating to those effects on protected species:

(b) research on measures to mitigate the adverse effects of commercial fishing on protected species:

(c) the development of population management plans under the Wildlife Act 1953 and the Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978

For a summary of the legal basis of levied work described in this Annual Plan, refer to the CSP Strategic Statement (PDF, 347K).

Submissions received 

The following submissions were received:

• Northern New Zealand Seabird Trust (PDF, 339 K)
• Yellow-eyed Penguin Trust (PDF, 722 K) 
• Environmental Law Initiative (PDF, 213 K)
• Fisheries New Zealand (PDF, 79 K)
• Harbour Fish (PDF, 320 K)
• Seafood New Zealand Inshore and Deepwater Council (PDF, 457 K)

View a Summary of Submissions (PDF, 242K) including the DOC response to key points raised by submitters. 

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